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Flooded unharvested corn can produce 25,000 to 30,000 Duck Energy Days per acre, far exceeding most native mast systems and typical moist soil units under baseline conditions. This energy density explains its ability to increase local carrying capacity, but DED models quantify calories, not full habitat quality or nutritional diversity.

Elk once roamed Ohio, and modern habitat models suggest parts of the state could support them again. But reintroduction is not just about forage and forest cover. Disease risk, human conflict, road density, and long-term funding determine whether restoration is responsible or reckless. The science says elk are possible. The real question is whether Ohio is prepared to manage them.